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In electrical engineering and electronics, voltmeters are key instruments that are widely applied in a variety of voltage measurements. There are two types of voltmeters: analogue and digital. Analogue voltmeters are instruments in which a pointer moves across the dial during the measurement procedure to indicate the reading. However, with the advancement of technology and the rapid development of digital systems, analogue voltmeters have been replaced by digital voltmeters.
Like an analogue voltmeter, a digital voltmeter measures the difference in electric potential between two points in a circuit. The measured voltage may be AC or DC, and the reading is displayed as numbers. The numerical display is very accurate, moreover, one of the advantages of such a meter is that it almost always gives you an accurate reading. However, the accuracy of a digital voltmeter may be affected by a number of factors, such as its power supply or change in input impedance.
Most devices have an input voltage range of 1 to 1000 volts. Working with them involves selecting an automatic range, and the device can also sound and audible alert when the reading exceeds the threshold values.
When choosing a voltmeter, there are several things to consider: the measuring range and whether the meter has a sub-range. The sampling rate, accuracy class and power supply are also of key importance. In some cases, the size of the meter may be of relevance, too. It is also advisable to consult the meter's technical description, especially when you want to choose one that will serve as a continuous voltage monitoring device.
Another key factor to consider when choosing a voltmeter is its supply voltage. Naturally, you can choose between devices operating at 230 V as well as at other voltages, such as those supplied by batteries. Voltmeters can be powered from a separate voltage source or by the measuring system.
Power supply system analysers are multifunctional measuring devices and, as the name suggests, offer power supply signal monitoring functions. They operate just like an ammeter or a voltmeter. A panel-mounted analyser automatically recognises the AC or DC measurement input and is able to take measurements with high accuracy.
A car voltmeter represents a separate category of voltmeters, which are mainly applied in mechanical and electrical vehicles.
Pros of digital voltmeters:
Cons of digital voltmeters: