Reamers
(433)What are they used for?
Reamers are multi-groove cutting tools used to enlarge already existing holes and openings to an exact diameter. They are available with a variety of mounting bits, which can be embedded in hand tools, clamping sleeves or other tool holders and can be used in portable or stationary machines such as drills, lathes, screwdrivers, milling machines and others. The cutting tip is bevelled at a 45° angle for easy entry into the opening. Straight-groove reamers are best for through-holes, while models with left-hand spiral grooves will be more efficient for cutting blind holes. They are manufactured from a variety of materials, in many sizes, depending on the application and the material you are working on. Light oil or cutting coolant are recommended for reaming operations. Reamers can have grooves (straight or helical) which help to remove the chipping material. Reamers must combine both the hardness of the cutting edges (for a long service life), and ductility, so that the tool does not fail under normal use forces.
Types of reamers
We can divide reamers based on their application or construction. Therefore, we can distinguish e.g. car reamers used for reaming steel in automotive parts, such as steering arms, ball joints and tie rod ends in vehicles, die reamers used for constructing tools such as sets of dies, punches and steel dies, as well as chamber reamers or reamers for welding equipment. It is worth mentioning the Morse taper reamers, designed for finishing Morse taper holes or sleeves, or adjustable reamers, which are designed for machining holes with very precise shapes and low surface roughness.
Metal reamers, wood reamers or bolt extractor reamers
Reamers can be dedicated for work with different materials. The right choice will allow for trouble-free and efficient work. In this regard, reamers designed specifically for extracting damaged or rusted screws are an interesting example. Such a reamer works in two phases, first it pierces the head of the screw and then it removes it.
Tapered hole reamer
A precision tapered hole reamer is used to make a tapered hole, so that a tapered pin can later be inserted into it. The taper pin is a self-clamping device due to the shallow angle of the taper. It can be pinned into a tapered hole in such a way that it can only be removed with a hammer and a punch. Pins and reamers can be matched with one another based on a sequence of numbers (for example, reamer number 4 will match taper pins number 4). Such precise connections are for instance used in the assembly of aircrafts.
General recommendations for the reaming process:
- When setting the speed and feed rate, make sure you take into account the hardness and machinability of the piece you are working on.
- Any vibration can be offset by reducing the cutting speed and increasing the feed rate.
- Oil or coolant are recommended for most reaming operations to ensure a smooth surface and increase the service life of your tools.
- Maintaining proper sharpness of the reamers affects the accuracy and quality of the hole and at the same time increases the tool’s service life.
- While using reamers, it’s recommended to check the grooves in the reamer for chip build-up and blockage.
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