Areometer - definition of
Areometer - definition of
Areometer is a measuring instrument used to determine the relative density of liquids or liquids containing dissolved solids, using the buoyancy principle described by Archimedes. It usually consists of a glass tube with an expanded lower part, weighted so as, so that it remains vertical when immersed in a liquid. A scale calibrated in units of relative density is attached to the stem of the hydrometer, specific gravity, percentage of dissolved substance (e.g. alcohol, sugar) or the Baume, Brix, API or Plato - depending on the industrial application.
The principle of the areometer is based on measuring the depth of its immersion in the liquid under test: the higher the density of the, the smaller the immersion. The preconditions for correct measurement are an isothermal measuring environment and the absence of mechanical impurities and gas bubbles, which may distort the result. Precise readings are obtained at the liquid meniscus level, usually read at the level of contact between the liquid and the tube, assuming that the body material is wetted.
Areometers are commonly used in the chemical industry, food industry (e.g. brewing, oenology), pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries. Today, there are also digital and electronic versions, which allow automatic reading and recording of results with temperature correction and calibration for different reference liquids. In technical and industrial laboratories, areometry is a simple, a simple yet highly reproducible measurement method, without a complex analytical infrastructure.
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