Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) - definition
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) - definition
Wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN) is a type of computer Networks, which enables cable-free data transmission between devices located in a confined space, such as home, office or campus. Unlike traditional wired networks, WLAN uses radio waves for communication between access points (access point) and end devices, such as computers, smartphones, printers or sensors.
WLAN is based on IEEE standards 802.11, standards that define the physical parameters and access layers to the medium, defining, among other things.inter alia. operating frequencies, modulations and security mechanisms. Depending on the version of the standard (e.g. 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax), wLAN networks offer different bandwidths, ranges and levels of energy efficiency, which allows them to be tailored to the needs of private users, institutions or industry.
WLAN typically operates in the ISM bands, usually 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz, with the possibility of using the 6 GHz band in newer solutions. Communication in the network is based on mechanisms such as carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), which allow multiple devices to share the medium without significant loss of connection quality. Transmission security is ensured by encryption protocols, encryption protocols such as WPA3, which are designed to protect data integrity and user authentication.
The wireless local area network is an essential element of today's digital infrastructure, enabling user mobility, flexibility of installation and fast access to network resources and the Internet. Its architecture may be centralised or distributed, and the configuration includes both hardware and software aspects, hardware and software aspects, traffic management, access control and integration with other communication systems.
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