Gamma correction - definition
Gamma correction - definition
Gamma correction is the process of non-linear transformation of the brightness values of an image to match the video signal to the perceptual characteristics of human vision and the properties of the display devices. The human retina is more sensitive to changes in brightness in the dark parts of an image than in the light parts, so a simple linear representation of the light data would lead to an inappropriate representation of contrast and detail.
In practice, gamma correction involves a power function that modifies the tonal values of an image. This function takes the form of a power with a gamma exponent (γ), where typical values range from 1.8 to 2.4, depending on the standard or specific device. Using the inverse of this function when encoding the signal and the original gamma function when reading it ensures the correct representation of brightness on screen.
From a display technology perspective, gamma correction compensates for the non-linear luminance response of typical devices such as CRT, LCD or OLED monitors. This enables a visually even tonal transition and greater control over contrast and image dynamics. In image processing systems, gamma correction is also used in the coding of digital photography, video transmission and computer graphics.
In digital signal processing, gamma correction is often included in colour standards such as sRGB or Rec. 709. It allows for consistency in the display of content on different devices and in different lighting conditions. This process is both aesthetically and functionally important, affecting the accuracy of colour reproduction and the comfort of visual perception.
Transfer Multisort Elektronik (TME) is one of the world’s largest global distributors of electronic components, electrotechnical parts, workshop equipment, and industrial automation. The catalog includes over 1,500,000 products from 1,300 leading manufacturers. TME’s modern logistics centers in Łódź and Rzgów (Poland), with a combined area of over 40,000 m², ship nearly 6,000 packages daily to customers in more than 150 countries.
TME also invests in the development of knowledge and skills of young engineers and electronics enthusiasts through the TME Education project, and supports the tech community by organizing the TechMasterEvent series, promoting innovation and experience exchange.
