FDDI - definition
FDDI - definition
FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) is a local area network (LAN) class MAN standard developed for high bandwidth data transmission using fibre as the transmission medium. The technology was designed by the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) organisation in the 1980s as a reliable and efficient solution for wide area campus networks and corporate environments requiring high availability and immunity to electromagnetic interference.
FDDI operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model, using a token ring topology with a token ring mechanism. In a typical configuration, it uses two independent fibre rings: a main one for data transmission and a spare (redundant) one as a fallback path in case of physical or logical failure. This achieves a high level of reliability and resilience to transmission interruptions.
The data transmission speed of the FDDI standard is 100 Mbps, which, at the time of its development, far exceeded the capabilities of classic networks Ethernet. As a result, FDDI has found its way into bandwidth-intensive systems such as databases, file servers and distributed computing systems. Although the original specification called for the use of optical fibres, a version of FDDI-CDDI (Copper Distributed Data Interface) was also developed, allowing limited use of copper cables.
The FDDI medium access management protocol is based on token transmission, which enables deterministic traffic control and prevents collisions. In addition, the standard includes mechanisms for monitoring and auto-configuration of the ring, allowing for rapid restoration of connections in the event of a failure. In the following years, FDDI has been gradually replaced by Gigabit Ethernet technologies and fibre-optic solutions based on IP protocols, but it is still sometimes used in some specialised industrial or telecommunications systems due to its deterministic properties and stable operation.
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