Thermobimetal (thermometric bimetal) - definition

Thermobimetal is a mechanical component made up of two permanently bonded layers of metals with different coefficients of thermal expansion, which is used to convert temperature changes into mechanical bending motion. The action of the thermobimetal is based on the difference in the degree of expansion of the metals when exposed to an increase in temperature. As a result of this difference, one layer elongates more than the other, causing the entire strip to bend towards the layer with the lower coefficient of linear thermal expansion. This process is reversible and reproducible over a wide temperature range, and the mechanical force generated during deformation depends both on the physical properties of the metals used and on their thickness, width and structural geometry.

Thermobimetals are widely used in the design of sensors, thermal switches, thermostats, overload protection and measurement and control devices, especially where passive temperature response is required without an external electrical supply. In Automation and electrical engineering systems, they are an important component that allows circuits to be switched off safely when a certain thermal threshold is exceeded. Their simple design, reliability and resistance to environmental conditions make them a common solution in thermal technology and electromechanics.

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